Kiʻi Palapala ʻUmikī Nupepa E like me nā mea mai kekahi honua ʻē aʻe, ua hoihoi nō kēia mau ʻōnaehana hāʻawi liʻiliʻi loa i ko lākou ʻano like ʻole o nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā kukulu, a me ko lākou pilina i ke kaiāola wai e hiki ai ke neʻe a hāʻawi naʻauao i kā lākou mau ukana i kahi kūpono. ʻO nā nanohuna nā mea lawe nano maʻamau loa no nā lapaʻau maka no ko lākou kūpono ola a me ko lākou mana e hoʻopiha ʻia ai me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lapaʻau kene ma o ka hoʻopili kemika ʻana, ka hoʻokomo ʻana, a i ʻole ka hoʻopuni ʻana i loko o ka mea lawe nano. Ma ka huli ʻākau-hema e hoʻomaka ana ma ke awakea: nanopolima, nanoʻemulekana, nanomikele, a me ka lipokoma.

ʻO ka inoa papahana : Ocular Nanotechnology, Ka inoa o nā mea hoʻolālā : Cynthia Turner, Kāhea inoa o kāliʻi : Alexander and Turner Medical Illustration Studio.

Heluhelu i nā nīnau kūkala a me nā kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana, ka hana a me ka hana hou ma waena o nā mea kākau moʻolelo a me nā mea hoʻolālā kaulana kaulana i ka honua, nā mea hana kiʻi a me nā mea hoʻolālā. E ʻike i nā hana hoʻolālā hou a me nā hana hoʻonani i koho ʻia e nā mea hoʻolālā kaulana, nā mea kiʻi, nā mea papa inoa a me nā mea hana hou. E ʻike i nā ʻike hou e pili ana i ka hana, ka hana hou, ka hana, ka hoʻolālā a me ka hana ʻana. E aʻo e pili ana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻolālā i hana nui.